Electronics Kits, components and tools - please click here

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ELECTRONIC ENERGY AND RLECTROMECHANICS SCIENCE KITS

With these electronic kits have ordinary professional components. They are fasted to the board and held in place by small holders with a spring or some other elastic holder mechanism. Therefore they do not require any soldering.

Energy Science Kit by ScienceWiz Explore the energy story with the Energy Science Kit by Science Wiz. Discover what energy is, how we make it now and what choices await us in the future. Create a solar car and join the race to save the planet! Build a solar car, a super capacitor car, an electric car, a flywheel generator, a battery to light an LED or a kinetic chain reaction.Ages 7 and up.By Science Wiz

ElectroWizard Electrical Inventions Science Kit by ScienceWiz ElectroWizard Electrical Inventions Science Kit by Science Wiz is an award-winning kit that has everything you need to entertain and educate your children about the basics of electricity. Get a jolt from this science kit with electrical experiments guaranteed to entertain and educate your kids in an extremely safe way! With ElectroWizard Inventions Electricity Science Kit by Science Wiz, children can build amazing electric inventions. ElectroWizard Inventions Science Kit includes all the materials needed to build a spinning motor, clicking telegraph, light flashing generator, and a real radio. Plus the simple-to-use, 3D direction book makes learning easy and increases understanding of how things work. ElectroWizard Electrical Inventions Science Kit by Science Wiz is the winner of the Parent's Choice Seal of Approval, Scientific American's Young Reader's Book Award and the National Parenting Magazine Award. Ages 8 and up.By Science Wiz

Power House Science Kit by Thames & Kosmos Power House Science Kit by Thames & Kosmos provides an engaging introduction to regenerative energy sources while teaching basic concepts and principles in physical science. The kit focuses on the heat and light energy from the sun, the energy from the wind, as well as with electrochemical and plant energy. You will learn how to transform and use these forms of energy. With the Power House Science Kit by Thames & Kosmos kit you can build a model house complete with solar panels, windmill, greenhouse, and desalination system. You can build and operate an electric train, windmill, solar cooker, solar hot water tank, hygrometer, electric motor, power hoist, sail car, and more! Plant watercress, prepare sauerkraut, and make chewing gum. Learn how plants convert sunlight into energy for your body and your engines. The thoughtfully designed series of experiments was developed by physicist Uwe Wandrey. who creatively integrates physical science and technology lessons with the adventure of building a home and living on a remote island. To survive, you must learn how to harness the power of the sun and the wind as well as tap the energy of other physical forces.

Fuel Cell Car & Experiment Science Kit by Thames & Kosmos The Fuel Cell Car & Experiment Science Kit by Thames & Kosmos provides a playful introduction to one of the most significant technologies of the early 21st Century. With this kit you can build a model car that actually runs on water! Now, roll up your sleeves and find out more through experiments and demonstrations you can do on your own, or in a classroom with the Fuel Cell Car & Experiment Science Kit by Thames & Kosmos. Some fuel cells, such as this one, do not consume fossil fuels and therefore are considered environmentally friendly. Automobile manufacturers are already experimenting successfully with this technology and it is widely believed that fuel cells will power automobiles and many electronic devices. With more than 30 experiments and demonstrations, users will learn how a reversible fuel cell works to perform electrolysis as well as to create energy.

Magnetic Magnetism Science Kit by ScienceWiz Magnetism Science Kit by Science Wiz allows you to go fishing, swim ducks, play with poles and patterns, make magnets bigger and stronger and explore with the biggest magnet in the world. This kit includes all materials and even lets you craft a compass. The science kit contains high quality ceramic magnets. National Parenting Magazine Award Winner.Ages 5 and up.By Science Wiz

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Electronic workshop  tools

Soldering Kit - Lead free Solder Starter Kit 110V Ideal for beginners. Great for others too!

Deluxe Electronic Tool Kit E-TK-3000

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METAL DETECTORS

Do you like to explore what you can find underground or in the soil. With a metal detector you can find a lot of valuable or interesting items you would not be aware of elswhere.

Here are examples of many metal detectors available. By clicking at the link, you can read more about this product example, or you can search for many other metal detector models.

The priciples behind semiconductor electronic components

A semiconductor is a crystallic compound where the atoms are bound together in a three-dimensional framework, and where the electrons used for bonding are fairly loose, but not so loose that the material normally is conductive.  In the semiconductor cystal used in electronic devices,  there are certain added elements that nornally require less or more chemical bonds than the atoms in the crystal  framework. This makes the crystal conducting nearly like a metal.

In a N-type, the added componenets have more electrons for bonding that the atoms in the crystal lattice. This creates loose electrons that can be used for conduction. If two electrodes are placed on the material, these loose elctrons easily jumps over to the positive electrode, making the crystal positively charged. Then new electrons are attracted from the negative electrode into the crystal.

In a P-type semiconductor the added components have fewer electrons for bonds that the atoms of the crystal lattice.  Then the lattice will get holes where extra electrons can fit in. If two electrodes are placed on this material, electrons will easily be pushed from the negative elecrode into the crystal lattice. This makes the lattice negatively charged. Electrons will then be pulled out again at the positive electrode.

If you make a crystal with a N-part and a P-part or set two such crystals firmly against each other, and apply electrodes at both sides, the effects will be different according to which electrode is positive and which negative.

If the negative electrode is at the P-part, and the positive at the N-part, this will happen: The negative electrode will push electrones into the P-part, since the P-part has ready locations where the electrons can fit in. The positive electrode will drain electrones form the N-part, since there are  loose electrons in the N-part. This makes the P-part negative and the N-part positive. Then there will also be a stream of electrons across the junction between the P-part and tha N-part, since the N-part now is positively charged, and the P-part now has a negative charge. A curent will thus occure in the whole surcuit.

If the negative electrode is at the N-part, and the positive at the P-part, this will happen: The negative electrode will not manage to push electrones into the n-part, since the N-part allready is full of loose electrons. The positive electrode will not manage to drain electrones form the P-part, since there are not any loose electrons here. There will be no stream of electrons across the junction between the n-part and tha P-part, since neither the N-part, nor the P-part has any charge that can give a frose to push electrons over the PN-junction. No corrent will thus occure.

The ability of a PN-combination of letting current through in one directiuon and letting current pass in the other direction is the basis for all electronic components. A component simply consisting of of a combination of a P-type semiconductor materila and a N-type semiconductor material, is called a diode. A diode is simply a semiconductor rectifier.

A transistor is a semiconductor device consisting of three layers that can be connected to two circuits and arranged in such a way that the current or voltage in one of the circuits will control the current in the other circuit.

A bipolar junction transistor (BJT) is a type of transistor consisting of a P-layer with a N-layer on both sides, or a N-layer with a P-layer on poths sides, called respectively PMP-transistors or NPN-transistors. If you connect a circuit acrosse all three layers layers, and another curcuit across one other outer layer and the mid layer, you can regulate the ability of the transistor to conduct current in the circuit across the three layers by variating the direction and intensity of the voltage and thus current applied in the last circuit across two layers.

Without any voltage and current applied through the mid layer and one of the outer layers, the device will not lead current, since the current must pass either a np-junction or a pn-junction, and one of these will not lead the current.

In a pnp-transistor, a positive voltage appied at the mid layer in the circuit across the mid and one outer layer, will drain electrons out of this layer, and make it a leader. Then the transistor vil act like a diode for the circuit applied across all the three layers.

In a npn-transistor, a negative voltage applied at the mid layer will introduce electrons into the lattice, and make it a leader, and the transistor vill behave like a diode for the circuit applied across all the three layers.

By using four or more layers, it is possible to make semiconductor devices with more complicated functions, like for example a thyristor consisting of four leyers of different types.

There are many materials that transistor crystals are made from, for example Semiconductor material: germanium, silicon, gallium arsenide, silicon carbide.

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